The following papers give information about Argo as part of the global observing system.

September 2019 On the future of Argo:  A Global, Full-Depth, Multi-Disciplinary Array
Roemmich, D., et al, 2019: On the Future of Argo: A Global, Full-Depth, Multi-Disciplinary Array. Frontiers in Marine Science, 6, https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2019.00439
January 2016 Fifteen years of ocean observations with the global Argo array
Riser, S. et al, 2016: Fifteen years of ocean observations with the global Argo array. Nature Clim. Change, 6, 145-153, http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nclimate2872
March 2012 On the beginnings of Argo
Dean Roemmich
July 2009 Argo Core Activities statement
May 2004 Argo Profiling Floats Bring New Era of In Situ Ocean Observations
Gould, J., et al. ( 2004), Argo profiling floats bring new era of in situ ocean observationsEos Trans. AGU85 (19), 185– 191, doi:10.1029/2004EO190002
Fall 2003 WOCE and TOGA – The Foundations of the Global Ocean Observing System
Gould, W.J. 2003. WOCE and TOGA—The foundations of the Global Ocean Observing System. Oceanography 16(4):24–30, https://doi.org/10.5670/oceanog.2003.05
August 2003 The future of Climate Observations in the Global Ocean.
Roemmich, D. and J. Gould, 2003: The future of climate observations in the global ocean. Sea Technology, 44, 10-15
2001 Argo Chapter from ‘Observing the Oceans in the 21st Century’
The Argo Science Team
2000 Launching the Argo Armada
Stan Wilson, Oceanus
2000 Article in U.S. WOCE Newsletter
Dean Roemmich
Fall 1998 On the Design and Implementation of Argo
The Argo Science Team